State of the art of bio oil upgrading at the beginning of the project bio oil zone i stabilization zone ii hc. Also, key assumptions found in the literature for biomass cost, plant capacity, reactor technology, and other variables vary widely among different studies. Innovation for our energy future refinery integration of. Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading of. Catalytic biomass pyrolysis has been employed as a means of upgrading the quality of the biooil. At 20% biooil some yield loss observed 3 5% renewable carbon in liquid products high content of phenolics in cracked products carbon in biooil converted to carbon in liquids 30% engine testing on gasoline and diesel showed no problems other studies biocoup indicate importance of upgrading prior to coprocessing. Catalytic upgrading pyrolysis of pine sawdust for biooil. Upgrading of biooil using supercritical 1butanol over a ru. The biooil from fast pyrolysis of biomass cannot be used effectively as engine fuel because of its high corrosiveness and instability mainly due to substantial amounts of organic acids and reactive aldehydes. For thermodynamic liquefaction, it could be divided into fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction. The characteristics, as well as recent progress, advantages, and disadvantages of each technique are also described below. Almuhtaseb and farrukh jamil and mahad said baawain and mohab a. The common technologies for liquefaction of biomass are indirect liquefaction and direct liquefaction. Elliott, pacific northwest national laboratory, richland, washington, usa as reported in the last issue, laboratory work was restarted in 2003 at pnnl on upgrading by.
Bio oil as seen from table 1, both hdo and zeolite cracking are based on bio oil as platform chemical. Biooil upgrading bioeconomy institute iowa state university. Catalytic upgrading to final biofuel removal of the remaining oxygen cc coupling controlled reactions. Fast pyrolysis is a nonequilibrium process and bio oil properties are a function of temperature, pressure, residence time, reactor configuration and quench method. Request pdf biooil production and upgrading research. However, the bio oil obtained from biomass pyrolysis has polarity, instability and low energy density due to contained oxygenated compound. After reaction testing, a mechanism was proposed demonstrating the benefits of using heterogeneous catalysts as it allows for the coexistence of both acid and base sites. Hydrodeoxygenation hdo process is the most promising route for bio oil upgrading through oxygen elimination. Water separation, due to a change in molecular characteristics of biooil components. Dehydration reactions, in which water is produced from the biooil due to for. Technoeconomic analysis of two bio oil upgrading pathways. One prospective method for producing fuels in the future is conversion of biomass into biooil and then upgrading the biooil over a catalyst. This unique biooil fraction was then upgraded with a lapromoted solid acid catalyst. Fast pyrolysis is a nonequilibrium process and biooil properties are a function of temperature, pressure, residence time, reactor configuration and quench method.
Research article biooil upgrading to high energy biofuel by olefination 257 sathish k. In this masters thesis work the upgrading of fast pyrolysis biooils with fluid catalytic cracking fcc conversion process at industrially relevant conditions is. Ketonization of carboxylic acids is also an ideal reaction for biooil upgrading as it removes acidity and oxygen as well as creates cc bonds. Request pdf biooil production and upgrading in the next few years the world demand for liquid fossil fuels for transportation will require finding a reliable and. Results showed that with an increased ratio of hzsm5 catalyst, the biooil yield was decreased. Pdf lifecycle assessment of pyrolysis biooil production. Upgrading of biooils from biomass with catalytic hydrotreatment. Considerable research efforts have been made to improve the bio oil production from biomass. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the metal oxides instead of traditional zeolites for catalytic upgrading pyrolysis with the analysis of gas chromatographmass spectrometer.
An introduction to the hydroprocessing of biomass derived pyrolysis oil 24 the various reaction pathways taking place during the hydrodeoxygenation process are. Chapter 8 pyrolysis oils from biomass and their upgrading. Once separation was achieved, gravimetric yields of the top aqueous water soluble ws layer and bottom. Upgrading of biooil using supercritical 1butanol over a. Pdf fast pyrolysis and biooil upgrading researchgate. Hydrodeoxygenation hdo process is the most promising route for biooil upgrading through oxygen elimination.
The chemical composition of biooil is important because it may give insights into its quality, stability, or suitability for downstream upgrading. However, the biooil obtained from biomass pyrolysis has polarity, instability and low energy density due to contained oxygenated compound. Bio oil tends to polymerize during long storage periods it has poor heating value it has poor thermal stability it is nonvolatile it has high viscosity it is highly corrosive due to the presence of carboxylic acids it is immiscible with fossil fuels diesel ugentfch4l characteristics of bio oils. Upgrading of pyrolysis bio oil through hydrodeoxygenation and cracking in a continuous packedbed catalytic reactor. Technoeconomic analysis of two biooil upgrading pathways. The massive consumption of fossil fuels and associated environmental issues result in an increased interest in alternative resources such as biofuels. Catalytic hydrocracking of biooil has been reported as a promising alternative in biofuel preparation. Pyrolytic oil or biooil is a kind of tar and normally contains levels of oxygen too high to be considered a hydrocarbon.
Nickel phosphide has been shown to be an active composition for hydrodeoxygenation hdo of biooil model compounds. Upgrading biooil model compound over ptbased catalysts. Upgrading of biooil via microwaveassisted pyrolysis of. Biooil hydrocracking directly converts biomass into liquid biooil lignin, carbohydrate derivatives, and water and char biooil catalytically converted into hydrocarbon fuel green diesel pyrolyzer carbohydrate derived aqueous phase biooil recovery phase separation steam reformer hydrocracker fibrous biomass biooil vapor hydrogen. Fast pyrolysis and biooil upgrading ascension publishing. Pdf technoeconomic analysis of two biooil upgrading. Catalytic cracking and hydrodeoxygenation hdo are two most promising biooil upgrading techniques for biofuel production. Brown and others published fast pyrolysis and biooil upgrading find, read and cite all the research you need on. Hydrodeoxygenation of waterinsoluble biooil to alkanes. A new start for biooil upgrading by hydrogenation by douglas c. The renewable biofuels can be upgraded from biooils that are derived from biomass pyrolysis. A comprehensive reference to the use of innovative catalysts and processes to turn biomass into valueadded chemicals chemical catalysts for biomass upgrading offers detailed descriptions of catalysts and catalytic processes employed in the synthesis of chemicals and fuels from the most abundant and important biomass types. Upgrading of biooil molecular distillation fraction with solid acid catalyst zuogang guo, shurong wang, guohui xu, and qinjie cai molecular distillation technology has been adopted to obtain a biooil fraction rich in carboxylic acids and ketones.
Catalytic hydrocracking of bio oil has been reported as a promising alternative in biofuel preparation. A box flow diagram for the modeled fast pyrolysis system followed by catalytic bio oil upgrading to gasoline and diesel blendstocks is shown in figure 1. Therefore, developing new catalysts with enhanced performance and lowering costs for upgrading bio oils is required. Upgrading of bioupgrading of bio oil oil for fuel production. Flash pyrolysis is the most widely applied process for production of bio oil, as this has been found as a feasible route 16,26,33. Stabilization of bio oils using low temperature, low pressure hydrogenation.
Coupled with its ease of transport and storage as compared to solid biomass material, pyrolysis oil bio oil can serve as a potential feedstock for the production of fuels and chemicals in petroleum refineries. It is a dark brownish viscous liquid that bears some resemblance to. The aim of this work is to propose strategies for biooil upgrading and provide a fundamental understanding of the phenomena involved in such processes. Pyrolysis oil upgrading biomassderived pyrolysis oil is rich in carbon and can be refined in ways similar to crude petroleum. Biofuels short course institute for advanced studies university of sao paulo, brazil robert c. Bio oil skincare oil should be massaged in a circular motion into the scar, twice daily, for a minimum of 3 months. It has been found that tan correlates to total volatile acids oasmaa, et al 2009, which may be a way to quickly assess biooil corrosion potential. In the present work, using guaiacol as a model compound of biooil derived from lignin, we conducted a comparative study of guaiacol. Catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis biooil using zeolites elena wikberg approved 2019.
The results clearly demonstrated that the use of a supercritical solvent resulted in an upgraded product with improved properties compared to upgraded bio oil using no solvent or subcritical solvent conditions. Catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis biooil using zeolites. Pdf biooil upgrading by catalytic cracking over different. Overview of catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapors toward. Municipal and industrial wastes contain high heat values in the form of waste oils such as waste plastics oil wpo, waste cooking oil. Carboncarbon bond forming reactions for biooil upgrading. Previous years assessments may be found in jones et al 2011, 2012, 20b. In this study, the used catalysts were calciumoxide. Understanding catalytic strategies for biooil upgrading. The high oxygen and water contents of crude bio oil are two key issues that make bio oils unstable with high.
Bio oil 20 g, batches was fractionated by dispersing the bio oil in water 40 ml, sonicating for 30 min, and then centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 60 min. Upgrading bio oil to a conventional transport fuel such as diesel, gasoline, kerosene, methane or lpg requires full deoxygenation and conventional refining, which can be accomplished either by integrated catalytic pyrolysis as discussed below or by decoupled operation as summarised below and depicted in fig. Fast pyrolysis is an attractive thermal conversion process to generate the alternative liquid fuel. Upgrading biomass pyrolysis biooil to renewable fuels 4 weight basis. Esterification solvent addition, hydrotreating and hydrocracking are three major existing processes for bio oil upgrading to fuels 22.
Pdf liquefaction of biomass and upgrading of biooil. Catalyst is utilized to selectively alter the product yields, thereby. There have been intensive studies on biooil upgrading research and various technologies have been developed for biooil upgrading. Catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis biooil using zeolites diva. Biooil was upgraded using supercritical 1butanol over a ruc heterogeneous catalyst. Upgrading of biomass fast pyrolysis oil biooil presentation for. Biooil upgrading via microwaveassisted pyrolysis of corncob over cao and hzsm5 mixed catalysts to promote the formation of aromatic hydrocarbon was investigated in this study. The aim of this work is to propose strategies for bio oil upgrading and provide a fundamental understanding of the phenomena involved in such processes. Methane can also be used as hydrogen donor, decreasing operating cost for biooil upgrading. Considerable research efforts have been made to improve the biooil production from biomass. Upgrading biomass pyrolysis bio oil to renewable fuels 4 weight basis. Research article biooil upgrading to high energy biofuel. One prospective method for producing fuels in the future is conversion of biomass into bio oil and then upgrading the bio oil over a catalyst. Conversion technologies for advanced biofuels biooil upgrading.
However, the biooil also contains high oxygen content up to 60 wt% and necessitates further catalytic upgrading, preferably via hydrodeoxygenation hdo, before use in hydrocarbon fuel or. Upgrading of bio oil molecular distillation fraction with solid acid catalyst zuogang guo, shurong wang, guohui xu, and qinjie cai molecular distillation technology has been adopted to obtain a bio oil fraction rich in carboxylic acids and ketones. In this paper a treatment of acids and aldehydes in the biooil was focused on. Besides oxygen elimination, the main challenge in bio. Biooil production and upgrading request pdf researchgate. Conversion up to 95% and higher reactor throughput. Chemical catalysts for biomass upgrading wiley online books. A new start for bio oil upgrading by hydrogenation by douglas c. Pyrolysis biooil is a promising source of liquid fuels, but requires upgrading to remove excess oxygen and produce a satisfactory fuel oil.
This unique bio oil fraction was then upgraded with a lapromoted solid acid catalyst. Nowadays, biooil upgrading techniques include hydrogenation, catalytic cracking. It is therefore difficult to compare costs from various previous studies without taking into account differences in. It has been found that tan correlates to total volatile acids oasmaa, et al 2009, which may be a way to quickly assess bio oil corrosion potential. Technical report nreltp51037779 november 2006 largescale pyrolysis oil production. The superficial similarities between petroleum and bio oil have encouraged efforts to employ petroleum hydroprocessing in the upgrading of bio oil. The catalytic upgrading of the pyrolysis vapors always reduces the bio. The results clearly demonstrated that the use of a supercritical solvent resulted in an upgraded product with improved properties compared to upgraded biooil using no solvent or subcritical solvent conditions. Upgrading biooil to a conventional transport fuel such as diesel, gasoline, kerosene, methane, and lpg requires full deoxygenation and conventional refining.
Since bio oil is a complex mixture, a set of model reactions was selected for this study. Esterification solvent addition, hydrotreating and hydrocracking are three major existing processes for biooil upgrading to fuels 22. There have been intensive studies on bio oil upgrading research and various technologies have been developed for bio oil upgrading. Upgrading of waste oils into transportation fuels using hydrotreating technologies.
Upgrading of waste oils into transportation fuels using. Dec, 2019 a comprehensive reference to the use of innovative catalysts and processes to turn biomass into valueadded chemicals chemical catalysts for biomass upgrading offers detailed descriptions of catalysts and catalytic processes employed in the synthesis of chemicals and fuels from the most abundant and important biomass types. A novel upgrading method named onestep hydrogenation. University of groningen pyrolysis oil upgrading to. Upgrading the fast pyrolysis oil to a stable hydrocarbon oil by twostage hydrotreating to remove oxygen. Coke deposition bed plugging deactivation tos 100 hrs. Stabilization of biooils using low temperature, low pressure hydrogenation. Emerging technology remarks hcat process headwaters heavy oil reported as a breakthrough process to convert low quality feedstock high asphalt and metals. Upgrading of pyrolysis biooil through hydrodeoxygenation. The liquefaction of biomass is an important technology to converse the biomass into valuable biofuel. Pyrolysis oil, sometimes also known as biocrude or biooil, is a synthetic fuel under investigation as substitute for petroleum. Table 4 summarizes current techniques used for bio oil upgrading. Manage projects related to biomass fast pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction and gasification and catalytic upgrading of biooils.
Upgrading of pyrolysis biooil through hydrodeoxygenation and cracking in a continuous packedbed catalytic reactor. Upgrading of pyrolysis biooil through hydrodeoxygenation and. On new scars, bio oil skincare oil should be applied only once the wound has healed, and should not be used o n broken skin. The superficial similarities between petroleum and biooil have encouraged efforts to employ petroleum hydroprocessing in the upgrading of biooil. These improvements included a decrease in oxygen content from 24. Coupled with its ease of transport and storage as compared to solid biomass material, pyrolysis oil biooil can serve as a potential feedstock for the production of fuels and chemicals in petroleum refineries. Technoeconomic analysis of biomass fast pyrolysis to. Chemical composition of biooils produced by fast pyrolysis of. Table 4 summarizes current techniques used for biooil upgrading.
Department of sustainable bioproducts1, department of chemistry2, mississippi state university, po box 9820, mississippi state, ms 39762. Conversion technologies for advanced biofuels biooil. Bio oil was upgraded using supercritical 1butanol over a ruc heterogeneous catalyst. Development of heterogeneous catalysts for upgrading. Therefore, developing new catalysts with enhanced performance and lowering costs for upgrading biooils is required.
1215 398 935 447 547 740 27 638 1101 770 1468 1044 1225 1251 1172 381 226 893 871 77 751 193 1370 813 887 619 249 1048 373 36 780 1125 505 222 1133 1527 933 1442 268 873 456 492 783 735 53 1197 532